Iron ore is a naturally occurring mineral from which iron is extracted for use in various industrial processes. It is primarily composed of iron oxides, such as hematite (Fe₂O₃) and magnetite (Fe₃O₄), along with other minerals and impurities. The ore is mined and then processed through crushing, grinding, and separation to obtain concentrated iron for smelting. Iron ore is a critical raw material for steel production, which is essential for constructing infrastructure, manufacturing machinery, and producing consumer goods. Its quality and composition influence the efficiency and cost of steelmaking processes.